本文安装 MySQL 5.7.x 系列预编译二进制版本；
下载页面：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
5.7.38 版本：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
1 系统环境
uname -rv
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018
cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)2 解压
tar zxf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt
ln -s /opt/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /opt/mysql3 配置
3.1 配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]
#****************************** basic ******************************
user = root
datadir = /db/mysql
basedir = /opt/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp/tmp_mysql
port = 3306
socket = /db/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /db/mysql/mysql.pid
#****************************** connection ******************************
max_connections = 8000
max_connect_errors = 100000
max_user_connections = 3000
check_proxy_users = on
mysql_native_password_proxy_users = on
local_infile = OFF
symbolic-links = FALSE
#****************************** sql timeout & limits ******************************
group_concat_max_len = 4294967295
max_join_size = 18446744073709551615
max_execution_time = 0
lock_wait_timeout = 60
autocommit = 1
lower_case_table_names = 1
thread_cache_size = 64
disabled_storage_engines = "MyISAM,FEDERATED"
character_set_server = utf8mb4
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
transaction-isolation = "READ-COMMITTED"
skip_name_resolve = ON
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ON
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
local_infile = OFF
event_scheduler = OFF
query_cache_type = OFF
query_cache_size = 0
#lc_messages = en_US
#lc_messages_dir = /db/mysql/share
#init_connect = "set names utf8"
#sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#init_file = /db/mysql/init_file.sql
#init_slave
#****************************** err & slow & general ******************************
log_error = /db/mysql/mysql.err
slave_skip_errors = 1032,1062
#log_output = "TABLE,FILE"
slow_query_log = ON
slow_query_log_file = /db/mysql/slow.log
long_query_time = 1
#log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON
#log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10
general_log = OFF
general_log_file = /db/mysql/general.log
#****************************** binlog & relaylog ******************************
expire_logs_days = 15
#sync_binlog = 1
log-bin = /db/mysql/mysql-bin
log-bin-index = /db/mysql/mysql-bin.index
max_binlog_size = 500M
binlog_format = ROW
binlog_rows_query_log_events = ON
binlog_cache_size = 128k
binlog_stmt_cache_size = 128k
log-bin-trust-function-creators = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_stmt_cache_size = 2G
relay_log = /db/mysql/relay
relay_log_index = /db/mysql/relay.index
max_relay_log_size = 500M
relay_log_purge = ON
relay_log_recovery = ON
#auto-increment-increment = 2
#auto-increment-offset = 10001
#****************************** rpl_semi_sync ******************************
plugin-load="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 1000
#rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level = 32
#rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count = 1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = ON
#rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point = AFTER_SYNC
#rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level = 32
#****************************** group commit ******************************
#binlog_group_commit_sync_delay =1
#binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count =1000
#****************************** gtid ******************************
#gtid_mode = ON
#enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
#master_verify_checksum = ON
#sync_master_info = 1
#****************************** slave ******************************
#skip-slave-start = 1
##read_only = ON
##super_read_only = ON
#log_slave_updates = ON
server_id = 1
#report_host = 172.31.40.45
#report_port = 3360
#slave_load_tmpdir = /db/mysql/tmp
#slave_sql_verify_checksum = ON
#slave_preserve_commit_order = 1
#****************************** muti thread slave ******************************
#slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
#slave_parallel_workers = 4
#master_info_repository = TABLE
#relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
#****************************** buffer & timeout ******************************
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_allowed_packet = 128M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
connect_timeout = 43200
wait_timeout = 600
back_log = 512
interactive_timeout = 600
net_read_timeout = 30
net_write_timeout = 30
#****************************** myisam ******************************
skip_external_locking = ON
key_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 16M
concurrent_insert = ALWAYS
open_files_limit = 65000
table_open_cache = 16000
table_definition_cache = 16000
#****************************** innodb ******************************
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
default_tmp_storage_engine = InnoDB
internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_data_home_dir = /db/mysql
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /db/mysql/rlog
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
#innodb_undo_directory = /db/mysql/ulog
innodb_undo_log_truncate = on
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 1024M
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
#innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity = 1000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size = 128M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 512M
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 15
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 85
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
#innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 1
innodb_old_blocks_time = 1000
innodb_open_files = 63000
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_strict_mode = ON
innodb_thread_concurrency = 128
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = ON
#****************************** safe ******************************
#ssl-ca = /opt/mysql/ca-pem/ca.pem
#ssl-cert = /opt/mysql/ca-pem/server-cert.pem
#ssl-key = /opt/mysql/ca-pem/server-key.pem
[client]
socket = /db/mysql/mysql.sock
#default_character_set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
#default_character_set = utf8mb4
[ndbd default]
TransactionDeadLockDetectionTimeOut = 200003.2 配置启动脚本
cp /opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld4 创建用户并赋予相关文件权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
mkdir -p /db/mysql
mkdir -p /tmp/tmp_mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql*
chown -R mysql.mysql /db/
chown -R mysql.mysql /etc/my*
chown -R mysql.mysql /tmp/tmp_mysql5 初始化
/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/db/mysql
## 过滤出密码
grep "password" /db/mysql/mysql.err | awk '{print $NF}'
%TOTapk=b4.26 启动服务
## 修改启动脚本
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/db/mysql
## 启动服务
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
## 配置开机自启动
echo "/etc/init.d/mysqld start" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local7 修改密码并赋予相关权限
## 将客户端拷贝到系统命令目录下
cp /opt/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
chmod a+x /usr/bin/mysql
## 连接数据库
mysql -uroot -p'%TOTapk=b4.2'
## 修改用户授权
mysql> alter user user() identified by "12345678";
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'127.0.0.1' identified by '12345678' with grant option;
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '12345678' with grant option;FLUSH PRIVILEGES;8 创建数据库表
## 创建数据库
mysql> CREATE DATABASE testdb DEFAULT CHARSET UTF8;
## 创建表
mysql> USE testdb;
mysql> CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `student`(
`id` INT(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '学号',
`name` VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL DEFAULT '匿名' COMMENT '姓名',
`pwd` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '123456' COMMENT '密码',
`sex` VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '女' COMMENT '性别',
`birthday` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '出生日期',
`address` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '家庭住址',
`email` VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
## 查看表
show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_testdb |
+------------------+
| student |
+------------------+
## 查看表结构
desc student;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(4) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(30) | NO | | 匿名 | |
| pwd | varchar(20) | NO | | 123456 | |
| sex | varchar(2) | NO | | 女 | |
| birthday | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+9 服务运维
## 启动服务
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
## 关闭服务
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
## 查询服务状态
/etc/init.d/mysqld status
